Manor Preboards Module 2 Practice Test

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• What is the exact number of Na+ ions pumped out per ATP hydrolyzed?
• Which statement best describes the replication fork?
• What does ATP stand for?
• Cysteine residues can form disulfide bonds that yield which compound under oxidizing conditions?
• Which enzyme stabilizes the DNA strand and prevents it from breaking?
• Why is the primary immune response slower than the secondary response?
• Parenchymal Cells are associated with which plant family in this material?
• An essential fatty acid is which of the following?
• Which amino acid is commonly considered essential in infancy?
• Penicillin acts by inhibiting which bacterial process?
• The membrane attack complex (MAC) is formed by which complement components?
• Does the risk of malignant transformation increase with the dysplasia grade in potentially malignant lesions like leukoplakia?
• Oil of Wintergreen is classified as which type of compound among the following?
• The cell's main energy currency is which molecule?
• The rate-limiting step of glycolysis is catalyzed by which enzyme?
• Which alkaloid class is derived from tyrosine?
• What is the main function of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump in cells?
• How many CO2 molecules are released in one turn of the Krebs cycle?
• Which amino acid has a secondary amino group that introduces a kink in alpha-helix structures?
• Sinalbin and sinigrin release isothiocyanates upon enzymatic hydrolysis.
• Which condition is associated with the inability to metabolize branched chain amino acids?
• The genetic material in most organisms is composed of which two components alternating in the backbone?
• Which structure is associated with Apiaceae in this material?
• Which statement correctly describes apoenzyme and holoenzyme?
• Which organism is characterized by acid-fast staining?
• L-threose and D-threose
• Which category includes substances derived from tryptophan?
• What is the R group of Histidine?
• A deficiency in which vitamin would impair the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
• Clindamycin acts by inhibiting which bacterial ribosomal subunit?
• NSAIDs provide analgesia by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes. Which combination of enzymes is targeted?
• Total amount of ATP invested in glycolysis?
• Sinalbin and sinigrin are isothiocyanate glycosides. Sinigrin acted upon with myrosinase produces acrinyl isothiocyanate.
• Which of the following is not a step in the six steps of crude drug preparation?
• Beeswax is identified by which test?
• Which enzyme seals the gaps between Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand?
• Devil's Dung corresponds to which type of plant exudate?
• D-glucose and D-galactose
• Wickham's striae are characteristic of which condition?
• Which biochemical pathway is important to control oxidative drugs such as methyldopa and primaquine?
• Which of the following is a solid alkaloid?
• Which pituitary hormone stimulates growth?
• Which opioid is commonly used for moderate to severe dental pain?
• Which description defines periodontal bone loss?
• Which of the following statements about DNA forms are true?
• Which statement about Z-DNA is true?
• True about hydrolysable tannins: I. Hydrolyzes to pyrogallol II. Decolorizes potassium permanganate III. Produces a leather type called bloom IV. Does not give a positive result with bromine water
• Normal arterial blood pH range is approximately?
• Which statement about the glycerol phosphate shuttle is true?
• In glycolysis and cellular energy metabolism, which shuttle transfers electrons to Coenzyme Q?
• Vittae are associated with which plant family in this material?
• What is the Gram stain result for Staphylococcus aureus?
• Which enzymes are utilized in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis?
• In SDS-PAGE, proteins migrate primarily according to which property?
• Clove contains which functional group as a listed constituent?
• Jalap is classified as which type among the following options?
• Which description best defines the primary structure of a protein?
• Which statement best describes the need for memory cells in the immune response?
• L-threose and L-erythrose
• Protopectin is associated with which stage of fruit ripeness?
• Which antibiotic is notably avoided in developing teeth due to staining effects?
• Besides clindamycin, which antibiotic may be used for penicillin-allergic patients in odontogenic infections?
• Which statements about Fischer projection and Haworth projection are true?
• For odontogenic infections in adults without allergies, which drug is considered first-line?
• Which statement about Artemisinin is correct?
• A vaccine primarily stimulates which arm of the immune system?
• Clove: which of the following was listed as a constituent?
• Which cellular organelle is the site of ribosome synthesis?
• Mastic is classified as which type of plant exudate?
• Which statements are true about steroids?
• Spearmint contains which compound type as listed?
• Alpha-mannopyranose and beta-mannopyranose
• The pancreatic islets of Langerhans secrete which hormones?
• Which statement about nucleic acids is true?
• In oxidizing conditions, cysteine residues can form disulfide bonds to produce what?
• Inflammation classic signs include calor, dolor, rubor, and tumor; which one denotes redness?
• Storax is categorized as which type?
• Which stain is commonly used to identify fungal organisms in tissue sections?
• Which statement about lysosomal storage diseases is not true?
• Old/over-ripe fruits contain which substance?
• Which enzyme deficiency is associated with Tay-Sachs disease?
• Which set lists only the alkaloidal reagents II, III, and IV as true?
• Which type of DNA polymerase is essential for removing RNA primers and replacing them with nucleotides?
• What is the non-gelling component of carrageenan?
• Where does the Krebs cycle take place?
• Which enzyme attaches nucleotides to the growing DNA strand?
• Which DNA polymerase is the main replicative enzyme in bacteria?
• In aerobic metabolism, cells primarily produce ATP via which process?
• Which substance has been described as a base note for perfume derived from sperm whales?
• Hydrolysis of sinalbin or sinigrin by enzymatic action releases which compound?
• The twigs of Cynips tinctoria contain which acids according to the source material?
• Which statement about DNA forms is true?
• Which immune cells are the first responders during an acute bacterial infection?
• Isoquinoline alkaloids are derived from which amino acid?
• Cottonseed oil is identified by which test?
• Schizogenous Ducts are associated with which plant family in this material?
• Which projection is used to depict cyclic monosaccharides?
• Which enzyme initiates replication by creating a replication fork that yields a Y-shaped structure?
• In DNA, which sugar forms the backbone?
• Which statement correctly identifies the two most common secondary structures of proteins?
• In PCR, which combination of statements is true?
• Which pair of statements correctly identifies the origins of two alkaloid classes?
• The nucleic acid backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups; which sugar is in DNA?
• Which enzyme creates a unified strand by joining the lagging strands?
• Pyruvate under anaerobic conditions will be converted to lactate by which enzyme?
• Which statement best describes leukoplakia?
• Which of the following compounds is not a stereoptene?
• Which pairing is correct?
• Which carbohydrate is the most abundant organic compound in the terrestrial environment?
• Which amino acid is the precursor for indole alkaloids?
• Which item is Oleoresin?
• Vitamin P is commonly associated with which combination of flavonoids?
• Which vitamin is a cofactor for gamma-carboxylation of blood clotting enzymes?
• Which of the following is a common inorganic cofactor for enzymes?
• Tetracycline acts by inhibiting which bacterial component?
• In glycolysis, which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate?
• What term describes bone loss around teeth due to inflammatory periodontal disease?
• Other name for glycolysis
• Glutathione is a tripeptide composed of which amino acids?
• Eucalyptus essential oil contains which functional group among the following options?
• Which structure is linked to Piperaceae in this material?
• A cyst that forms around the crown of an unerupted tooth is called which?
• Which statement best describes the action of penicillin?
• This enzyme facilitates the rate-limiting step of glycolysis
• In the shikimate pathway, which intermediate is the immediate precursor to phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan?
• Undecylenic acid is produced by the pyrolysis of castor oil and is used as an antifungal agent.
• The twigs of Cynips tinctoria hold gallic and ellagic acid. This is obtained when the insect, Quercus infectoria, bore its holes in the twigs to deposit its ova.
• Which item is a balsam?
• In perfumery, which base-note substance is derived from marine mammals?
• Fehling's test is used to detect reducing sugars; which option lists sugars that are not reducing?
• Triglycerides are the major energy storage molecules in animals. Which lipid class best describes triglycerides?
• Dentigerous cyst is characterized by formation around what anatomical structure?
• Which statement about DNA forms in cells is true?
• Which statement about pectin is false?
• Which statement about pectin's use is true?
• Balsam of Copaiba is classified as which type of exudate?
• The major energy storage molecule in animals is what?
• What is a notable adverse effect of tetracycline use in developing teeth and pregnancy?
• Which enzyme initiates glycolysis by phosphorylating glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in most tissues?
• The conversion of malate to oxaloacetate in the TCA cycle reduces which cofactor?
• Which amino acid yields a non-blue-purple color with ninhydrin under standard conditions?
• The vasoconstrictor frequently added to local anesthetics to prolong effect is which agent?
• Which finding is typical of chronic periodontitis?
• Which pair of statements regarding the biosynthesis origins of alkaloids is correct?
• L-sorbose and D-sorbose
• In the correct order for crude drug preparation, which step comes immediately after Collection?
• In glycolysis, which intermediate donates a phosphate to ADP to generate ATP during substrate-level phosphorylation?
• Citrate synthase catalyzes the condensation of which two substrates to form citrate?
• The countercurrent mechanism in the kidney occurs mainly in which part of the nephron?
• Which glycoside-containing drug is used to mask the bitter taste of quinine?
• Which statement about introns and exons is incorrect?
• Lactate produced during anaerobic glycolysis is recycled in the liver via which metabolic pathway?
• Which organism is the classic example that stains acid-fast?
• Which of the following is a semi drying oil?
• Which bacterium is most commonly associated with dental caries?
• In the context of dental extractions, bisphosphonate therapy is associated with which condition?
• Which statement about Complex II in the mitochondrial electron transport chain is true?
• What is the liquid remaining after renin treatment of milk?
• Esters of primarily saturated fatty acids bounded to an alcohol, glycerol are called?
• Which of the following statements about inulin, cellulose, chitin, and dextran are true?
• In the nervous system, which neurotransmitter is primarily inhibitory in the brain and spinal cord?
• Which immunoglobulin is predominantly found in mucosal secretions?
• Eucalyptus: which chemical class is correctly associated with its aroma among the following options?
• Early dental caries involve demineralization of enamel due to acid produced by bacteria.
• The rate of chemical reactions generally increases with temperature; this relation is described by which concept?
• Which enzyme attaches primers to the 3'-end of the strands?
• This monosaccharide is the 2 epimer of glucose.
• Dextran can be used as a plasma expander.
• Which oil is associated with a Baudoin test among the listed options?
• Which olive oil grade is the lowest quality?
• Hydrogenated vegetable oil (vs. animal oil) is detected by which test?
• What term describes the substrate concentration at which an enzyme-catalyzed reaction reaches half of its maximum velocity (Vmax)?
• Mucic acid test is a selective test for which sugar?
• Methionine is categorized as which type of amino acid?
• Which carbohydrate is a homoglycan of fructose formerly used to determine GFR?
• Spearmint: which option correctly identifies its main aromatic group?
• Which medicinal plant is approved by the DOH to be used as an analgesic?
• Local anesthetics exert their effect by blocking which ion channel?
• Deficiency of which vitamin leads to glossitis?
• Arrange the steps of preparation of crude drugs in the correct order.
• Procaine belongs to which type of local anesthetic?
• The only achiral amino acid is which of the following?
• Which olive oil grade represents the highest quality among the listed options?
• Which amino acid has an imidazole side chain that participates in acid-base catalysis at physiological pH?
• Which enzyme catalyzes the substrate-level phosphorylation to form GTP (or ATP) in the Krebs cycle?
• Name an essential amino acid with a sulfur-containing side chain.
• The enzyme that splits the glucose into two three-carbon sugars
• Which statements about oxidation of monosaccharides are true?
• Which statement about fatty acid metabolism is true?
• Which amino acid is important for collagen cross-linking?
• Which statement is true about leukoplakia?
• Bisphosphonate therapy in a patient scheduled for dental extraction raises the risk of what condition?
• First-line antibiotic for odontogenic infections in non-allergic patients?
• Glandular Trichomes are associated with which plant family in this material?
• Which method of obtaining volatile oil uses a device with sharp projections to roll the specimen?
• Which histologic type is the most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity?
• Krabbe disease is described as a deficiency of which enzyme?
• Triglycerides are composed of glycerol and fatty acids. Which of the following best describes triglycerides?
• Osteoradionecrosis is a potential complication after radiation therapy to the jaw.
• The most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity is which histologic type?
• Which cofactor is produced when succinate is oxidized to fumarate in the Krebs cycle?
• For odontogenic infections in penicillin-allergic patients, which antibiotic is commonly used?
• Which organelle is the site of ribosome synthesis?
• Which fatty acid is classified as omega-3?
• Jalap: which option lists a resin-type extract for it according to the source?
• Trypsin cleaves peptide bonds on the carboxyl side of which amino acid among the following?
• Farber disease is described as an X-linked inherited disorder due to deficiency of which enzyme?
• This is an anti-fungal agent that is produced from the pyrolysis of castor oil.
• NSAIDs analgesia primarily by inhibiting which enzymes?
• Procaine is an ester-type local anesthetic; how does its typical duration compare with amide anesthetics?
• Which antibiotic should be avoided in developing teeth due to staining effects?
• Which statement about phospholipids is not true?
• Nutmeg contains which major constituent type in the provided list?
• Which vitamin is a cofactor for the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
• Sesame Oil is identified by which test?
• What is the exact number of K+ ions pumped into the cell per ATP hydrolyzed?
• Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate in gluconeogenesis?
• Indole alkaloids are derived from which amino acid?
• Which enzyme catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate in the TCA cycle?
• Which shuttle is more efficient at transferring cytosolic NADH equivalents into the mitochondrial matrix?
• Gaucher disease, as described in the material, is caused by a deficiency of which enzyme?
• Which immune cell is primarily responsible for phagocytosis in the early response to bacterial infections?
• IgA is predominantly found in mucosal secretions. Which immunoglobulin option lists its correct representative?
• A protein structure composed of more than one polypeptide chain is described as:
• Wickham's striae are characteristic of which oral condition?